Critical Appreciation of "Have You Earned Your Tomorrow" by Edgar Guest

The poem “Have You Earned Your Tomorrow” by Edgar Guest is a thought-provoking piece that encourages readers to reflect on their actions and their impact on the future. “Have You Earned Your Tomorrow” is a didactic poem that prompts self-reflection and encourages readers to lead lives of kindness and purpose.

The title "Have You Earned Your Tomorrow" immediately sets a reflective tone, urging readers to consider their actions and their impact on the future.

The poet, Edgar Guest, known as the "People's Poet," is celebrated for his simple, optimistic, and inspirational verse. His works often emphasize moral lessons and everyday virtues.

The poem can be summarized as a series of questions asked to the reader, challenging them to assess whether their actions today have been beneficial to others and whether they have lived up to their potential. It suggests that the promise of tomorrow is contingent upon how we conduct ourselves today. The poem asks the reader if they have earned their tomorrow, emphasizing that the future is not guaranteed and must be worked for. It highlights the importance of living in the present and making the most of it, as tomorrow is not promised.

The central theme is self-improvement and the importance of living a life that contributes positively to others. It underscores the idea that our actions today shape our future and the world around us. The theme of the poem is also the importance of living in the present and working towards a better future. It emphasizes that the future is not guaranteed and must be earned through hard work and determination.

Guest employs straightforward and accessible language, making the poem relatable and easy to understand. This simplicity enhances the universality of its message. The language is simple and accessible, making the poem easy to understand. Poet uses questions to engage the reader and encourage reflection.

The poem is written in the style of rhymed quatrains, a common form in Guest's poetry. The regular rhyme scheme and meter lend a rhythmic quality that reinforces its contemplative nature. The poem’s style is inspirational and motivational, with a focus on encouraging the reader to take action. It has a consistent rhyme scheme and meter, making it easy to follow.

The poet uses many poetic devices, mainly Interrogation in which he asks questions to engage the reader directly, creating a sense of introspection. The poem also features repetition, particularly of the phrase "have you," to emphasize self-assessment. Guest uses Interrogation to emphasize the importance of earning the future.

The poem's special features are its structure, with its repetitive questioning, it acts as a gentle but persistent prompt for introspection, making the reader consider their daily actions and their broader implications. The poem’s use of questions and its focus on the present and future make it a unique and thought-provoking piece.

The poem conveys a powerful message about the significance of everyday actions and the importance of living with intention and kindness. It reminds readers that every day is an opportunity to make a positive impact. The poem also gives a message that the future is not guaranteed and must be earned through hard work and good deeds. It encourages readers to live in the present and make the most of it.

The poem upholds values such as kindness, self-reflection, responsibility, living in the present and the pursuit of a meaningful life.

My opinion about the poem is that, "Have You Earned Your Tomorrow" is a poignant and thought-provoking piece. Its simplicity and directness make it accessible, while its message encourages a profound reflection on personal conduct and its effects on the future. Edgar Guest's ability to inspire through gentle moral guidance remains impactful, making this poem a timeless call to personal responsibility and kindness. It is a motivational and thought-provoking poem that encourages readers to reflect on their actions and their impact on the future. The poem's message and values are timeless and universal, making it a great read for anyone looking for inspiration and motivation.

Critical Appreciation of "Inchcape Rock" by Robert Southey

The poem “Inchcape Rock” by Robert Southey tells the story of a treacherous rock in the North Sea and the tragic fate of a man who destroys the bell saving the sailors.

The title "Inchcape Rock" refers to a perilous rock in the North Sea, which had a bell installed by a benevolent Abbot to warn sailors of danger. The title immediately hints at the central setting and the crux of the poem’s conflict.

Robert Southey (1774-1843) was an English poet of the Romantic school, known for his narrative poems and his engagement with social and moral themes.

The Poem, "Inchcape Rock" is a ballad, a narrative poem that tells the story of Sir Ralph the Rover, a pirate who removes the bell from the Inchcape Rock, only to perish later when his ship strikes the same rock in a storm.

The poem describes the Inchcape Rock, a hidden reef in the North Sea, and the story of a ship that is wrecked, and all on board are lost. The poem’s summary is that it narrates how the Abbot of Aberbrothok installed a bell on the Inchcape Rock to warn mariners of the dangerous reef. Sir Ralph the Rover, driven by jealousy and greed, removes the bell, thinking he will benefit from the misfortune of others. However, he meets his doom when his own ship crashes onto the unmarked rock one day, illustrating the moral that ill deeds ultimately lead to one’s own downfall.

The primary theme is the moral poetic justice for the evil deeds. The poem highlights how malicious actions, driven by greed or malice, inevitably lead to the perpetrator's own suffering.

Southey’s language is descriptive and vivid, painting a picture of the treacherous rock and the doomed ship. He uses nautical terminology to create a sense of authenticity, reflecting the maritime setting. Southey employs simple and direct language, making the poem accessible and powerful.

The poem is written in a traditional ballad form style with a regular rhyme scheme (ABAB) and rhythmic meter, enhancing its musical quality and making it memorable. Southey’s style is narrative and cautionary, telling a story to convey a moral message.

Southey uses various poetic devices including imagery (vivid descriptions of the sea and the rock), personification (the "mirthful sound" of the bell), and irony (Sir Ralph’s ultimate fate). He also uses repetition to emphasize the warning and the consequences of ignoring it. Southey also uses metaphor and personification to describe the rock and the sea.

The poem's special features are its narrative drive, combined with its moral lesson which sets it apart. The use of a historical maritime legend adds a timeless quality to the poem. The poem's use of nautical terminology and its focus on the dangers of the sea add a layer of authenticity and realism. 

The poem’s moral message is also a special feature of Southey’s poetry.

"Inchcape Rock" conveys a strong moral message: those who commit wrongdoings out of selfish motives will eventually face the consequences of their actions.

The poem underscores values such as integrity, foresight, and the inevitability of justice.

My opinion on this poem is that, "Inchcape Rock" is a compelling and thought-provoking poem. Its straightforward narrative, combined with a potent moral lesson, makes it resonate with readers. Southey’s skillful use of poetic devices and vivid imagery enhances the impact, leaving a lasting impression about the inevitable nature of moral justice.

Southey's use of language and imagery creates a vivid picture of the treacherous rock and the doomed ship, and his moral message is timeless and universal. The poem's focus on the dangers of the sea and the importance of respecting wisdom and experience makes it a classic of English poetry.

Critical Appreciation of “Indian Weavers” by Sarojini Naidu

The poem "Indian Weavers" by Sarojini Naidu is a short, lyrical poem that captures the essence of life through the metaphor of weaving. It is also a beautiful tribute to the skill and artistry of Indian weavers. The poem explores the intricate process of weaving and the beauty of the finished product, while also highlighting the struggles and hardships faced by the weavers.

The title “Indian Weavers” is a straightforward reference to the traditional craft and the artisans who engage in it, setting the stage for a deeper exploration of their work and its symbolic meanings.

Sarojini Naidu, known as the “Nightingale of India,” was a prominent Indian independence activist and poet. Her works often reflect the rich cultural heritage of India and a deep empathy for its people.

The poem can be summarized as the description of the process of weaving, from the selection of threads to the final product. The poem also touches on the struggles of the weavers, who work tirelessly to create beautiful fabrics that are often undervalued.

The poem is structured into three stanzas, each depicting a different time of day and corresponding life stages: morning (birth), evening (marriage), and night (death). The weavers weave different types of garments for each occasion, symbolizing the different phases of human life.

The central theme is the cycle of life. The poem eloquently conveys how human experiences—from birth to death—are intricately woven into the fabric of life, much like the garments created by the weavers. Another theme of the poem is also the beauty and value of traditional Indian crafts, particularly weaving.

Naidu's language is lyrical and descriptive, with a focus on the sensory details of the weaving process. She uses vivid imagery and metaphor to describe the threads, looms, and finished fabrics. Naidu uses simple yet evocative language. The poem’s lyrical quality and musicality enhance its emotional depth. The use of repetition (“Weavers, weaving at break of day…”) gives the poem a rhythmic and cyclical feel, mirroring the continuity of life.

Naidu's style is characterized by her use of traditional Indian imagery and symbolism, as well as her focus on the struggles of the working class. Her use of repetition and rhyme creates a sense of musicality and flow.

The poet effectively uses many poetic devices like imagery, metaphor, and personification to describe the weaving process and the finished fabrics. She also uses alliteration to create a musical quality. The different garments (robes of a new-born, marriage veils, funeral shrouds) serve as metaphors for life’s significant events. Alliteration and repetition are also prominent, adding to the poem’s musicality.

Special features of the poem are its use of traditional Indian imagery and symbolism, such as the use of the loom adds a layer of cultural depth and significance. The poem's focus on the struggles of the weavers also highlights the importance of valuing and supporting traditional crafts. The poem’s structure—three stanzas corresponding to different times of day and stages of life—creates a powerful, cyclical narrative.

“Indian Weavers” imparts a profound message about the inevitability and beauty of life’s stages. It celebrates the artistry of the weavers while also reflecting on the universal human experiences of birth, marriage, and death. The poem's message is also one of appreciation and valuing traditional Indian crafts, particularly weaving. It also highlights the importance of supporting and valuing the artisans who create these beautiful fabrics.

The poem shares values like the importance of tradition, culture, and the struggles of the working class.

My opinion about the poem, "Indian Weavers" is that it is a beautiful poem that celebrates the artistry and skill of Indian weavers. Naidu's use of language and imagery creates a vivid picture of the weaving process, and her focus on the struggles of the weavers adds a layer of depth and significance.

“Indian Weavers” is a beautifully crafted poem that resonates with simplicity and depth. Sarojini Naidu’s ability to weave together the mundane and the profound through vivid imagery and rhythmic language makes this poem a timeless reflection on life’s journey. The poem’s message of appreciation and valuing traditional crafts is timeless and universal, making it a classic of Indian poetry.

Critical Appreciation of the poem “Song of the Open Road” by Walt Whitman

The poem “Song of the Open Road” by the famous American poet, Walt Whitman is about the freedom and joy of traveling on the open road. The poem is part of Whitman’s collection “Leaves of Grass.” It is a reflective piece, emphasizing the joy of walking the life’s journey freely without any restrictions or societal pressure. 

Walt Whitman is known for his free verse style and themes celebrating individuality, nature, and democracy. The title “Song of the Open Road” evokes a sense of freedom, adventure, and the journey. 

The poem can be summarised as the reflections of the experience of embarking on a journey, leaving behind the constraints of daily life and exploring the world. The poet describes the open road as a symbol of freedom and adventure, where one can discover new experiences and connect with mother earth. The poem depicts the narrator who has set out on the open road, feeling a deep connection with nature and humanity. He encourages readers to break free from societal constraints and embrace the freedom of the open road, where every path offers new experiences and insights.

The theme of the poem is the joy of traveling and exploring the world. The poet celebrates the freedom and adventure that comes with hitting the open road, and the connections one makes with nature and others along the way. The central themes also include freedom, self-discovery, and the democratic spirit. Whitman expresses the idea of life as a journey, where each person has the power to chart their own course and connect with others. 

Poem's language is characteristic of his free verse style, with a focus on natural rhythms and cadences. He uses simple, direct language to convey a sense of excitement of traveling the Open Road. The poet uses simple yet profound language, marked by its conversational tone and use of everyday speech.

Poet's style is characterized by his use of free verse, reflecting poet's break from traditional poetic forms. This style mirrors the poem’s themes of freedom and individuality. It gives the poem a sense of spontaneity. 

The poet uses imagery and metaphor to describe the open road and the experiences it offers. He also uses repetition and rhyme to create a sense of musicality and flow. Imagery used by describing the road and the environment around him enriches the poem’s texture.

The poet’s use of parenthesis in the form of use of bracket to give additional information is one of the most important special feature of the poem. The poem’s focus on the open road as a symbol of freedom and adventure is also a special feature of Whitman’s poetry. Poem's positive spirit enriches the poem, emphasizing his core values of unity and equality. 

The poem’s message is of freedom and adventure, encouraging the reader to explore the world and connect with nature and one's self. The poem’s message of freedom is timeless and universal, making it a classic of American poetry. The message is clear, life is a journey meant to be lived fully and freely. Embrace the open road, welcome diversity, and pursue personal growth and happiness.

The values conveyed in the poem are freedom, adventure, self-reliance and connection with nature and others. 

My opinion about the poem “Song of the Open Road” is that it is a beautiful and inspiring poem that captures the thrill of traveling and exploring the world. Poet's focus on the open road as a symbol of freedom and adventure is a powerful idea. “Song of the Open Road” is a timeless and inspiring poem. Its celebration of freedom and self-discovery resonates deeply, encouraging readers to embrace life’s journey with open heart and mind.

Questions and Topics for Writing Skills

Question for report writing

Q. Write the report of the – function celebrated in your college. Use following points for reference.

• Venue and time of the ceremony

• Chief Guest

• Inauguration Ceremony

• Activities

• Conclusion

Topics for Report Writing 

• Independence day

• Republic day

• Annual day

• Students’ week

• Intercollegiate Festival

• Creative Writing workshop

• Painting and Drawing workshops

• Dance competition

• Singing competition

• Quiz competition

• Visit to a nature park

• Visit to a factory

• Speech by a guest speaker

Topics for speech

• Need for democracy

• Features of the constitution of India

• Freedom of speech

• Qualities of an ideal politician

• Equality before law

• Importance of casting our vote

• Steps to be taken to eradicate inequality

• Role of youth in creating social awareness

• Duties of an ideal citizen

• Merits of democracy

• Advantages of education

• Equality: a blessing

• Unity in diversity

• Agriculture, the primary occupation in India

• Cities have always flourished only after human intrusion over nature

• Ways to conserve nature

• Importance of Sports

• Increasing use of mobile phones

• Science and superstitions

• Courtesy is the light of life

• Importance of soft skills in today’s life

Topics for group discussion

• Need for democracy

• Features of the constitution of India

• Freedom of speech

• Dictatorship vs democracy

• Qualities of an ideal politician

• Equality before law

• Importance of casting our vote

• Steps to be taken to eradicate inequality

• Role of youth in creating social awareness

• Duties of an ideal citizen

• Merits of democracy

• Advantages of education

• Equality: a blessing

• Importance of mental health

• Cities have always flourished only after human intrusion over nature

• Ways to conserve nature

• Is sports as a subject essential at junior college level?

• Should ‘Earn and Learn’ concept be made compulsory for students after 12th std.?

• Social media: a course or a boon?

• Women empowerment and equality

• Climate change

• Welfare of the senior citizens

• Importance of rivers

• Balanced progress without harming the Nature

• Teenagers are too much inclined towards junk food

• Importance of hobbies

• Role of ICT in education

• Clean India: the action plan

• To raise funds from college students to help a classmate’s education

• Strategy to win a match in Intercollegiate sports competition

Topics for appeal/ flyer/ leaflet

• Say no to junk food

• Importance of casting our vote

• Youth creating social awareness

• Importance of mental health

• Save nature

• Play sports for healthy body and mind

• Yoga class

• Summer hobby class

• Book club

• Nature club

• Tree plantation drive

• Cleanliness drive

• Eradicate child labour

• Awareness to end addiction of any substance like alcohol /tobacco or drugs

• Conservation of wildlife

• Using handloom products in daily life

Topics for blog

• Organic Farming

• Importance of mental health

• Earth with no trees

• Man vs nature

• Say no to tobacco

• Child labour: A course to humanity

• Personality development

• Social dynamics

• Health and fitness

• Need for the effective communication skills

• Self-defence: the most important

• Conservation of wild animals and their habitat

• Man is free by birth

Topics for expansion of an idea

• Birds of the same feather flock together

• The best punishment is forgiveness

• Make hay while the sun shines

• Love thy neighbour as thyself

• Tit for tat

• Reap as you sow

• Travel broadens the mind

• A bad workman blames his tools

• One should eat to live, not live to eat – Franklin

• If winter comes, can spring be far behind? – Shelley

• Beauty is truth, truth is beauty – Keats

• Feels rush in where angels fear to trade – Alexander Pope

• Actions speak louder than words

• The face is the index of the mind

• Speech is silver and silence is golden

• Argument is the worst kind of communication

• Attitudes are the real figures of speech

• The wise man has long ears and a short tongue

• Manners maketh man

• Nature is a great teacher and a guide

• Clothes mean nothing until someone lives in them

• All roads lead to Rome

• A man without liberty is a body without soul

• Pride goes before a fall

• Time and tide wait for none

• Man proposes, God disposes

• Look before you leap

• A thing if beauty is a joy forever

• A friend in need is a friend indeed

• A stich at the time saves nine

• Where is a will there is a way

• Old is gold

• Honesty is the best policy

Questions for email writing

• Write an email to an online shopping platform selling customised gift articles and printed items. Place an order for 20 t-shirts with the logo of your college association and the office bearer’s name in it. Discuss the other important details as well.

• Write an email to a celebrity from any field, requesting him/her to be the judge of your college association event. Discuss the other important details as well.

• Write an email to the well known personality who was the guest speaker of the college event you had organised. Add the necessary details.

• Write an email to your friend, asking her /him about the online coaching platform she/he is using and request for the feedback and suggestions about what should you select for your studies.

• Write an email to your college, informing the college about the technical issues you were facing during your online lecturers due to which you had inadequate attendance during the term.

• Write an email to an insurance company, requesting them to change your payment mode from monthly to yearly with auto payment option. Give necessary details.

• Write an email your college authority requesting them to give you the recommendation letter which is required for the university admission you are seeking.

• Write an email to your college authority requesting them to give you the bona-fide certificate you need to avail extra students’ discount on the purchase of a laptop.

• Write an email to your friend, requesting her/him to send you all the notes of any subject. You can mention the reason you don’t have them in your system.

• Write an email to the principal of your college asking him /her the permission to arrange a students’ trek as the activity organised by the Nature Club of the college. Add the necessary details.

• Write an email to the principal of your college requesting him /her to issue a duplicate Identity Card for you as you have lost your identity card and need it for participating in an Intercollegiate event.

• Write an email to your friends sharing the details of the road trip you all have planned and you are organising it. Share the details of mode of transport, stay and various places you are going to cover in the journey. Add the necessary information.

Questions for interviewing a personality from the field of

• Agriculture

• Pharmacy

• Police

• Defence

• Acting

• Singing

• Movie direction

• Script writing

• Lyricist

• Cinematography

• Photography

• Music

• Writing

• Business

• Sports

• Event management

• Start up

• Social Work

• Science and research

• Anthropology

• Politics

• Education

• Banking

• Building and construction

• Medical services and health care

• Engineering

• Media

Study Plan for scoring well in the HSC Board Examination in February

Like every task, starting early and working continuously is the key to success even in your Board Examination, especially here I'm talking about English subject. Following is my advice to score good marks in English in the HSC Board Examination.

In English you have 20 marks for orals and 80 marks for the written exam. Here in today's post I'm going to discuss the written exam. 

Follow the given instructions to get the maximum possible marks. 

1. Read the complete textbook as many times as possible. Read it at least twice from May to December. (you can skip section 3 if you don't have much time but read the other 3 sections sincerely.) 

2. In the first reading, read the questions of each chapter / poem / novel first and then read the content. 

3. Underline each new word while reading and note down the meaning on the textbook during the first reading. 

4. Write the answers of the activities on the textbook if space is provided. Mark the answer related sentences with brackets on the textbook during the first reading. 

5. Keep reading the marked textbook as many times as possible and focus more on the marked content in the next readings. 

6. Read all the available past board question papers of English subject. 

7. For studying the Prose Section,

a. Read all the prose chapters carefully.

b. Mark the answers of all the questions given in the textbook. 

c. Solve all the possible questions on prose section. Use the textbook questions and past board papers for practice.  

8. For Grammar, 

a. Read the information and solve the exercises given in the textbook. 

b. Go through the grammar portion for the board exam. (mentioned in another blog post) 

c. If you don't understand any topic/ concept or you are not confident about it, read the theory notes given in another posts of the same blog topicwise. 

d. Solve as many as possible textual and non-textual grammar exercises of all the topics covered in the portion. Drill or practice work is very important in grammar. 

9. For studying the Poetry Section, 

a. Read all the poems carefully. 

b. Write the names of the figures of speech against the lines if any. 

c. Mark the answers of all the questions given in the textbook. 

d. Frame 4 lines of your on the main theme of the poem and write them down on the textbook or in a notebook especially made for English. 

e. Read all the material /notes available on the poem and write a critical appreciation of the poem on your own. It should be in paragraph form, covering all the expected points Underline the key words of the appreciation. Keep reading theses appreciations as many times as possible. Remember the names of the poets and other major details. 

f. Solve all the possible questions on the poetry section. Use the textbook questions and past board papers for practice. 

10. For Writing Skills,

a. Read the question paper format and decide your sequence of priorities for the writing skills. 

b. Decide the first priority skill as per your comfort and strengths, in each sub question. 

c. Using the past board question papers, solve as many as possible skills of all your first preference and compulsory skills.

d. Get teacher's feedback on the solved skills and keep improving till you get the best possible marks in each skill.

e. Solve at least one question of each skill given in the portion for practice.  

f. Pay attention to the format and presentation of each writing skill.

11. For Novel Section,

a. Read the first chapter, History of Novel sincerely as many times as possible. 

b. Read the compact notes (shared as another blog post) of the first chapter again and again. Try to learn all the factual information. 

c. Solve the objective questions covered in the past board papers and be mentally prepared to solve such objective questions based on the details given in the first chapter. 

d. Read all the information i. e. the chapters of the novel and the background information about the novel covered in the textbook .

e. Read the questions on the novel section from the textbook and past board papers and try to solve them. 

f. Read the questions and ready answers of the 3 novels from the available notes. 

g. Read the notes, giving gist of each novel. 

h. Prepare yourself to write more than half a page descriptive answer based on the novel.

You can score 96/100 in English in the HSC Board Examination if you start preparing early and keep studying throughout the year. Paying attention in class helps a lot in remembering the necessary details and saving overall study time so pay attention in class while the portion is being taught. 

All the best. 

Types of Sentences: (Simple, Compound, Complex) Exercises for practice

Q. Do as directed. 

1. When I go to school, I study heard. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

2. They have fun playing soccer. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

3. While they are on vacation, they visit famous monuments. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

4. We go to concerts, and we enjoy the music. (Rewrite it as a complex sentence.)

5. I read books which help me learn new things. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

6. He watches TV to relax his mind. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

7. When she has a problem, she asks me for help. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

8. They went to the beach but they could not swim in the ocean. (Rewrite it as a complex sentence.)

9. We go to the movies to enjoy ourselves. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

10. Whenever they have free time, they go to watch movies. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

11. While they play video games, they compete with each other. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

12. I feel proud that I regularly do my homework. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

13. I study hard and I want to get good grades. (Rewrite it as a complex sentence.)

14. She speaks French fluently, and understands Spanish perfectly. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

15. She listens to music and she sings along. (Rewrite it as a complex sentence.)

16. She cooks dinner, and she makes it delicious. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

17. He works out every morning, and feels energized throughout the day. (Rewrite it as a complex sentence.)

18. When they go to the beach, they swim in the ocean. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

19. The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

20. They live in a small town as they love its quiet atmosphere. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

21. They travel to new places every year to explore different cultures. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

22. We visit our grandparents and listen to their interesting stories. (Rewrite it as a complex sentence.)

23. As they travel, they meet new people. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

24. As they study hard for their exams, they feel confident about their preparation. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

25. I go to the gym to work out and I want to stay fit. (Rewrite it as a complex sentence.)

26. He plays soccer well but he couldn’t score goals in that match. (Rewrite it as a complex sentence.)

27. As I want to improve my skills, I practice piano every day. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

28. As I learn new languages, I understand different cultures better. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

29. When he finishes his project, he feels a sense of accomplishment and pride. (Rewrite it as a simple sentence.)

30. As they are curious, they ask questions and seek answers. (Rewrite it as a compound sentence.)

Answer key:

1. I go to school, and I study hard.

2. They play soccer and they have fun.

3. They visit famous monuments during their vaccination.

4. When we go to concerts, we enjoy the music.

5. I read books and they help me learn new things.

6. He watches TV and it relaxes his mind.

7. In case of having a problem, she asks me for help.

8. Though they went to the beach, they could not swim in the ocean.

9. We go to the movies and we enjoy ourselves.

10. They go to watch movies in their free time.

11. They play video games and they compete with each other.

12. I do my homework regularly and I feel proud about it.

13. I study hard because I want to get good grades.

14. She speaks French fluently along with understanding Spanish perfectly.

15. She sings along while she is listening to music.

16. She cooks delicious dinner.

17. He feels energized throughout the day because he works out every morning.

18. They go to the beach and they swim in the ocean.

19. The sun rises in the east, setting in the west.

20. They live in a small town, and love its quiet atmosphere.

21. They travel to new places every year, and explore different cultures.

22. When we visit our grandparents, we listen to their interesting stories.

23. They meet new people during their travel.

24. They study hard for their exams and feel confident about their preparation.

25. As I want to stay fit, I go to the gym to work out.

26. Though he plays soccer well, he couldn’t score goals in that match.

27. I practice piano every day to improve my skills.

28. I learn new languages and understand different cultures better.

29. He feels a sense of accomplishment and pride after finishing his project.

30. They ask questions and seek answers out of their curiosity.

Tenses: Exercises for Practice

Q. I Do as directed. 

1. I write letters to my friends. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.) 

2. She teaches English at school. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past.) 

3. They play soccer every weekend. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.)

4. I visited my grandparents. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple future tense.)

5. I study for three hours every day. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple future tense.) 

6. She works as a doctor. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple future tense.) 

7. They attend the conference every year. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple future tense.) 

8. I went to Paris many times. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect tense.)  

9. She had breakfast at 8 am. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect tense.) 

10. They finished their project last month. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect tense.)  

11. I have studied English for three years. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect Continuous tense.)  

12. She has worked on this project since January. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect Continuous tense.)  

13. They have lived in this city for five years. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect Continuous tense.) 

14. I will travel to Japan next year.  (Rewrite the sentence in Present Continuous tense.) 

15. She will graduate from the university in 2025. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Continuous tense.)  

16. I will study English for three years by the time I finish my course.  (Rewrite the sentence by changing the underlined verb into Present Perfect Continuous tense.)  

17. They will launch their new product. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect Continuous tense.)  

18. I am studying for my exam. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect Continuous tense.)  

19. She is working on a new project. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect Continuous tense.) 

20. I am writing a letter to my friend. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.)

21. They are building a new house. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.)

22. I have studied English for three years. (Rewrite the sentence in Present Perfect Continuous tense.) 

23. I have finished my homework. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.)

24. They have moved into a new house. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.)  

25. She has been working on her project since January. (Rewrite the sentence in present perfect tense.)  

26. I have been living in this city for two years. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.) 

27. I had finished my homework before I went to bed. (Rewrite the sentence by changing the underlined verb into Past Perfect Continuous tense.) 

28. She had completed her project before she went on vacation. (Rewrite the sentence by changing the underlined verb into Past Perfect Continuous tense.) 

29. I had gone to watch a movie last night. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.) 

30. They had moved to a new house in 2022. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple Past tense.) 

31. I had been studying for three hours before taking a break. (Rewrite the sentence in Past Perfect tense.) 

32. She had been working on her project for two months before she finished it. (Rewrite the sentence by changing the underlined verb into Past Perfect tense.) 

33. I had been living in Paris for five years before I moved to London.  (Rewrite the sentence by changing the underlined verb into Past Perfect tense.) 

34. They had been building their new house for a year before they moved there. (Rewrite the sentence by changing the underlined verb into Past Perfect tense.) 

35. I will have shifted to a new house by next month. (Rewrite the sentence in Simple future tense.)  

Answer key 

1. I wrote letters to my friends.

2. She taught English at school.

3. They played soccer every weekend.

4.  I will visit my grandparents. 

5. I will study for three hours every day.

6. She will work as a doctor.

7. They will attend the conference every year.

8. I have gone to Paris many times.

9. She has had breakfast at 8 am.

10. They have finished their project last month.

11. I have been studying English for three years. 

12. She has been working on this project since January.

13. They have been living in this city for five years.

14. I am traveling to Japan next year.

15. She is graduating from the university in 2025.

16. I have been studying English for three years.

17. They have been launching their new product.

18. I have been studying for my exam.

19. She has been working on a new project.

20. I wrote a letter to my friend.

21. They built a new house.

22. I have been studying English for three years.

23. I finished my homework. 

24. They moved into a new house.

25. She has worked on her project since January.

26. I lived in this city for two years.

27. I had been finishing my homework before I went to bed. 

28. She had been completing her project before she went on vacation.

29. I went to watch a movie last night.

30. They moved to a new house in 2022.

31. I had studied for three hours before taking a break.

32. She had worked on her project for two months before she finished it.

33. I had lived in Paris for five years before I moved to London.

34. They had built their new house in a year before they moved there.

35. I will shift to a new house by next month.

 

Active - Passive Voice: Exercises for practice

Q. Change the voice.

1. The manager writes the report. 

2. The chef cooks the meal. 

3. The teacher teaches the lesson. 

4. The company launches the new product. 

5. The artist paints the portrait. 

6. The play is directed by Sarah. 

7. The package was delivered by the courier company.  

8. The research is conducted by a team of scientists. 

9. The award is presented to the winner. 

10. The music is composed by Ajay-Atul. 

11. The marketing team is developing a new advertising campaign. 

12. The professor has been teaching this course for five years. 

13. The company will launch a new product next quarter. 

14. The researchers have conducted extensive experiments on the new material. 

15. The manager had assigned the project to the team. 

16. The new policy has been implemented by the administration. 

17. The play was written by Shakespeare over 400 years ago. 

18. The package had been delivered to the wrong address. 

19. The research findings are being analyzed by a team of experts. 

20. The award was presented to the winner by the CEO. 

21. The company's sales team has been consistently exceeding their quarterly targets. 

22. The new employee is being trained by the HR department. 

23. The scientists have been studying the effects of climate change for decades. 

24. The marketing department is responsible for launching the new product. 

25. The teacher had given the students a lot of homework. 

26. The new software is being used by several companies. 

27. The play had been performed in front of a packed audience. 

28. The package was delivered to him by mistake. 

29. The research paper is being reviewed by a panel of experts. 

30. The award was presented to the winner by the jury. 

Answer key 

1. The report is written by the manager.

2. The meal is cooked by the chef.

3. The lesson is taught by the teacher.

4. The new product is launched by the company.

5. The portrait is painted by the artist.

6. Sarah directs the play.

7. The courier company delivered the package.

8. A team of scientists conducts the research.

9. Someone presents the award to the winner.

10. Ajay-Atul compose the music.

11. A new advertising campaign is being developed by the marketing team.

12. This course has been taught by the professor for five years.

13. A new product will be launched by the company next quarter.

14. Extensive experiments have been conducted on the new material by the researchers.

15. The project had been assigned to the team by the manager.

16. The administration has implemented the new policy.

17. Shakespeare wrote the play over 400 years ago.

18. Someone had delivered the package to the wrong address.

19. A team of experts is analyzing the research findings.

20. The CEO presented the award to the winner.

21. The company’s quarterly targets have been consistently exceeded by the sales team.

22. The HR department is training the new employee.

23. The effects of climate change have been studied by the scientists for decades.

24. The new product is being launched by the marketing department.

25. A lot of homework had been given to the students by the teacher.

26. Several companies are using the new software.

27. The actors had performed the play in front of a packed audience.

28. They had delivered the package to him by mistake.

29. A panel of experts is reviewing the research paper.

30. The jury presented the award to the winner.

Questions and Topics for Writing Skills

Question and topics for report writing

Q. Write the report of the – function celebrated in your college. Use following points for reference.

• Venue and time of the ceremony

• Chief Guest

• Inauguration Ceremony

• Activities

• Conclusion

#Topics

• Independence day

• Republic day

• Annual day

• Students’ week

• Intercollegiate Festival

• Creative Writing workshop

• Painting and Drawing workshops

• Dance competition

• Singing competition

• Quiz competition

• Visit to a nature park

• Visit to a factory

• Speech by a guest speaker 

#Topics for speech

• Need for democracy

• Features of the constitution of India

• Freedom of speech

• Qualities of an ideal politician

• Equality before law

• Importance of casting our vote

• Steps to be taken to eradicate inequality

• Role of youth in creating social awareness

• Duties of an ideal citizen

• Merits of democracy

• Advantages of education

• Equality: a blessing

• Unity in diversity

• Agriculture, the primary occupation in India

• Cities have always flourished only after human intrusion over nature

• Ways to conserve nature

• Importance of Sports

• Increasing use of mobile phones

• Science and superstitions

• Courtesy is the light of life

• Importance of soft skills in today’s life

#Topics for group discussion

• Need for democracy

• Features of the constitution of India

• Freedom of speech

• Dictatorship vs democracy

• Qualities of an ideal politician

• Equality before law

• Importance of casting our vote

• Steps to be taken to eradicate inequality

• Role of youth in creating social awareness

• Duties of an ideal citizen

• Merits of democracy

• Advantages of education

• Equality: a blessing

• Importance of mental health

• Cities have always flourished only after human intrusion over nature

• Ways to conserve nature

• Is sports as a subject essential at junior college level?

• Should ‘Earn and Learn’ concept be made compulsory for students after 12th std.?

• Social media: a course or a boon?

• Women empowerment and equality

• Climate change

• Welfare of the senior citizens

• Importance of rivers

• Balanced progress without harming the Nature

• Teenagers are too much inclined towards junk food

• Importance of hobbies

• Role of ICT in education

• Clean India: the action plan

• To raise funds from college students to help a classmate’s education

• Strategy to win a match in Intercollegiate sports competition

#Topics for appeal/ flyer/ leaflet

• Say no to junk food

• Importance of casting our vote

• Youth creating social awareness

• Importance of mental health

• Save nature

• Play sports for healthy body and mind

• Yoga class

• Summer hobby class

• Book club

• Nature club

• Tree plantation drive

• Cleanliness drive

• Eradicate child labour

• Awareness to end addiction of any substance like alcohol /tobacco or drugs

• Conservation of wildlife

• Using handloom products in daily life

Topics for blog

• Organic Farming

• Importance of mental health

• Earth with no trees

• Man vs nature

• Say no to tobacco

• Child labour: A course to humanity

• Personality development

• Social dynamics

• Health and fitness

• Need for the effective communication skills

• Self-defence: the most important

• Conservation of wild animals and their habitat

• Man is free by birth

#Topics for expansion of an idea

• Birds of the same feather flock together

• The best punishment is forgiveness

• Make hay while the sun shines

• Love thy neighbour as thyself

• Tit for tat

• Reap as you sow

• Travel broadens the mind

• A bad workman blames his tools

• One should eat to live, not live to eat – Franklin

• If winter comes, can spring be far behind? – Shelley

• Beauty is truth, truth is beauty – Keats

• Feels rush in where angels fear to trade – Alexander Pope

• Actions speak louder than words

• The face is the index of the mind

• Speech is silver and silence is golden

• Argument is the worst kind of communication

• Attitudes are the real figures of speech

• The wise man has long ears and a short tongue

• Manners maketh man

• Nature is a great teacher and a guide

• Clothes mean nothing until someone lives in them

• All roads lead to Rome

• A man without liberty is a body without soul

• Pride goes before a fall

• Time and tide wait for none

• Man proposes, God disposes

• Look before you leap

• A thing if beauty is a joy forever

• A friend in need is a friend indeed

• A stich at the time saves nine

• Where is a will there is a way

• Old is gold

• Honesty is the best policy

#Questions for email writing

• Write an email to an online shopping platform selling customised gift articles and printed items. Place an order for 20 t-shirts with the logo of your college association and the office bearer’s name in it. Discuss the other important details as well.

• Write an email to a celebrity from any field, requesting him/her to be the judge of your college association event. Discuss the other important details as well.

• Write an email to the well known personality who was the guest speaker of the college event you had organised. Add the necessary details.

• Write an email to your friend, asking her /him about the online coaching platform she/he is using and request for the feedback and suggestions about what should you select for your studies.

• Write an email to your college, informing the college about the technical issues you were facing during your online lecturers due to which you had inadequate attendance during the term.

• Write an email to an insurance company, requesting them to change your payment mode from monthly to yearly with auto payment option. Give necessary details.

• Write an email your college authority requesting them to give you the recommendation letter which is required for the university admission you are seeking.

• Write an email to your college authority requesting them to give you the bona-fide certificate you need to avail extra students’ discount on the purchase of a laptop.

• Write an email to your friend, requesting her/him to send you all the notes of any subject. You can mention the reason you don’t have them in your system.

• Write an email to the principal of your college asking him /her the permission to arrange a students’ trek as the activity organised by the Nature Club of the college. Add the necessary details.

• Write an email to the principal of your college requesting him /her to issue a duplicate Identity Card for you as you have lost your identity card and need it for participating in an Intercollegiate event.

• Write an email to your friends sharing the details of the road trip you all have planned and you are organising it. Share the details of mode of transport, stay and various places you are going to cover in the journey. Add the necessary information.

#Questions for interviewing a personality from the field of

• Agriculture

• Pharmacy

• Police

• Defence

• Acting

• Singing

• Movie direction

• Script writing

• Lyricist

• Cinematography

• Photography

• Music

• Writing

• Business

• Sports

• Event management

• Start up

• Social Work

• Science and research

• Anthropology

• Politics

• Education

• Banking

• Building and construction

• Medical services and health care

• Engineering

• Media